Peer Review Worksheet free essay sample

Peruse the article totally once. At that point, read it again taking the entirety of the accompanying into thought. Be straightforward, useful, and proper in your remarks Read equitably Do not offer remarks like â€Å"Cool,† Great,† â€Å"I preferred it,† or something else that does exclude an academic clarification or legitimization for the remark Feedback is significant, particularly at this basic first stage Help your schoolmate consider new ideas; does what you read carry something to mind? Provided that this is true, let them know. This is the sort of inventive chitchat that moves creative mind. 1. Check the paper’s MLA style †are changes expected to the (make intense your answer): heading? indeed/no title? indeed/no page numbers? truly/no edges? truly/no textual style? indeed/no page length? indeed/no any clarifications to these answers? 2. Peruse the paper from start to finish for comprehension (make striking your answer): Rate the paper on a size of 1-5 for enjoyment12345 Rate the paper on a size of 1-5 for understanding12345 3. We will compose a custom exposition test on Companion Review Worksheet or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Find the theory explanation and duplicate/glue here: Within John H. Banzhaf III’s paper, â€Å"Lawsuits against Fast Food Restaurants Are an Effective Way to Combat Obesity†, there is a mind-boggling topic of prior moral obligation. Banzhaf, an American lawful dissident, lectures the significance of general society being made mindful of the risks of inexpensive food. In any case, he appears to enthusiastically disregard the duty that the open holds to itself for unimportant case. He himself has expressed that improving one’s individual wellbeing is reliant on one’s own longing to do as such, while pushing claims that argue the numbness of people in general. 1 Banzhaf is frequently contrasted with Ralph Nader for his general wellbeing backing. Be that as it may, he appears to deftly advocate the utilization of over the top legitimate activity forâ personal increase, despite the fact that he appeared to once represent the open government assistance. Modify the proposition articulation in your own words here: Banzhaf is an American lawful extremist, who makes the open mindful of perils in quick nourishments. Anyway his uses inordinate legitimate activity for individual addition, however he seems to r epresent the open government assistance. The creator negates himself in the open eye about the issues on heftiness, with articulations of â€Å"one’s individual recuperate is subject to one’s own longing to do as such. † 4. See singular passages (make intense your answer): Does each section expand on the fundamental idea(s) of the essay?â yes/no Do the sections change well into each other? truly/no Would you suggest any reordering of sentences or passages to all the more likely build the article? indeed/no Does the end carry this conversation to a legitimate end without repeating in exactly the same words the postulation? indeed/no 5. Think about the supporting literary models (make striking your answer): Did the author use guides to help their contention? truly/no Are these cases exact? indeed/no Are any models appropriately refered to? indeed/no Any clarifications to these answers? 6. What is this essay’s most noteworthy quality? I delighted in perusin g your postulation and end. I like the utilization of words to clarify your point all through the whole paper. 7. What is this essay’s most prominent shortcoming? The second passage on the presentation may require progressively back ground data on the creator. Anyway I didn’t see any â€Å"greatest weakness† in the paper. 8. State in any event one thing productive to the author about this article. I make the most of your way with words, and how the progression of the paper goes, with the conflict with the author’s perspective. I am as of now chipping away at my composing stream also and outwardly observing your article, makes another route for me to build my exposition papers later on.

Indians and the Westward movement essays

Indians and the Westward development papers The white individuals had now discovered our Country. The transportation issues confronting the country were as colossal as the nation itself. Just a couple of streets for mentors and wagons extended between the states. Mentors and wagons additionally moved gradually, gradually. The 260-mile venture from New York to Boston, for instance, took 39 hours by stagecoach. The main different approaches to travel or move products were by little pontoons, riding a horse or by walking. Slow, expensive vehicle was terrible for business. It could detach Americans in a single locale from those in another. Let us tie the Republic along with an ideal arrangement of streets and channels. Let us vanquish space, John Calhoun said. States started to assume the test of building streets and waterways. This transportation insurgency hugy affected the regular daily existence of Americans bringing about clashes with the Indians. The best, and generally brave, improvement of this period was the Erie Canal. The accomplishment of the Erie Canal opened the upper Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes district to settlement. A large number of workers went into Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. Ranch items from this district streamed eastbound and their populace developed. Taken care of by the West, easterners could focus on exchange and assembling. Thusly, the westerners purchased the makers merchandise of the East. The accomplishment of the Erie Canal supported more channel buildig in different pieces of the nation. It helped Americans push west looking for new terrains to cultivate; American triumphs during the war of 1812 had additionally squashed most Indian obstruction east of the Mississippi. Likewise, there was a feeling of certainty and fretfulness noticeable all around. Individuals were progressing just to be moving. Prior to this time, the lifestyle was totally different. The arrangements on transportation came likewise with approaches on monetary turn of events. Before these strategies people delivered everything ... <!

Blog Archive Veteran Admissions Director Dawna Clarke to Host Free QA Session

Blog Archive Veteran Admissions Director Dawna Clarke to Host Free QA Session Recently, news broke that Dawna Clarke, former director of admissions at both the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth College and the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia, has joined mbaMission’s team of elite admissions consulting professionals. Now, we are proud to announce that Dawna will host her first exclusive eventâ€"a live online QA session, “Insights into the MBA Admissions Process,” on Wednesday, June 28 at 9 p.m. EDT. For almost two decades, Dawna served as the director of admissions at two of the country’s leading MBA programs, interviewing thousands of candidates, reviewing tens of thousands of essays and recommendations, and acting as the final decision-maker on more than 60,000 MBA applications. Now, as mbaMission’s Chief MBA Strategist and a Senior Consultant, she is ready to tap into what she has learned from her many years of experience to help aspiring MBAs with their admissions-related questions.* During this QA session, you will have the opportunity to directly ask Dawna any questions you may have about the processâ€"including which exam to take, in which round to apply, and how to overcome a low GPA or GMAT scoreâ€"and benefit from her firsthand insight into the admissions world so you can begin the process of submitting your best application. We hope that you will join us for this valuable event that will be essential to your b-school planning. Space is limited! To enroll for free, click here. Share ThisTweet Events mbaMission Events

Compare and Contrast the Narrators in Gullivers Travels...

Compare and contrast the narrators in Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein, the narrative methods, and the effects of these different ways of telling a story in Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein. Ravee Chen S2 English H Dr.Freisen 8 April 2010 Word count: 1491 Why do authors use different types of narrators? Jonathan Swift and Mary Shelly have both chosen a first-person narrator in their novels Gulliver’s Travels and Frankenstein. In Gulliver’s Travels the narrator is Gulliver and the book is a personal account of four voyages to unexplored lands around the globe. In the first voyage he winds up in Littleput where everyone is tiny. During his second trip he is taken to a land of giants called†¦show more content†¦In fact, in response to the King’s refusal Gulliver exclaims, â€Å"A strange Effect of narrow Principles and short Views!†(Swift 124) The values and ideology of imperial England are too deeply ingrained in Gulliver which causes bias that distances the reader. In book 4 when Gulliver first encounters the Houyhnhnms, rational and philosophical horses with near human intelligence, he says, â€Å"they must needs be Magicians.†(Swift 218) This wild statement proves that Gulliver, by bo ok 4, has become an unreliable narrator comparable to Frankenstein. His absurd and irrational way of thinking causes the reader is to be completely distanced from Gulliver. This mirrors the author-narrator gap that Jonathan Swift stated in the beginning of the book by labelling â€Å"Le’Muel Gulliver† as the author not himself. Gulliver’s love for travel transforms him into a man who rejects humanity and is repulsed by even his own family and Frankenstein is changed into a madman by his scientific endeavours. A single narrator is used by Jonathan Swift in to highlight the decline of one man. If multiple narrators were used in this novel then his satire would be weaker since we would get many perspectives on the same event and the reader would not align themselves with a single narrator’s perspective. This single mindedness strengthens the satire. The telling of Gulliver’s Travels through a first person narrative allows enhances the satire of the European society and

Barton Corbin Case

On Dec. 4, 2004 Jennifer Corbin was found shot once in the head in her Buford, Georgia home with a handgun beside her. Her 7-year-old son discovered her body and reportedly told police that his dad, Dr. Barton Corbin, had killed his mom. While authorities were investigating the death of Jennifer Corbin in Gwinnett County, a Richmond County grand jury on Dec. 22 indicted Barton Corbin for the 1990 death of Dorothy (Dolly) Hearn, who was Bartons girlfriend in dental school in Augusta. Hearn was found shot to death in her apartment with a gun in her lap. Latest Developments Georgia Dentist Pleads Guilty to Two Murders Previous Developments Judge Allows 1990 Evidence in Gwinnett Trial Hearing Set in Georgia Dentists CaseDec. 20, 2005Attorneys for a Georgia dentist, who is accused of killing is wife in 2004 and his girlfriend in 1990, will argue that jurors in one trial should not hear about charges his faces in another in a hearing set for Feb. 17. Attorneys for Georgia Dentist Fight Murder ChargesOct. 10, 2005Attorneys for Barton Corbin, the Georgia dentist accused of the murder of his wife in December and his former girlfriend 15 years ago, have asked that the charged be dropped in the 1990 case because they said the state waited too long to indict him for the death of Dorothy (Dolly) Hearn. Corbin Pleads Innocent in Wifes DeathJan 27, 2005Barton Corbin entered a not guilty plea in his wifes death, after waiving his right to an arraignment. Georgia Dentist Investigated in Third DeathDec. 7, 2005Dr. Barton Corbin, who has been indicted by two Georgia grand juries in the connection with the Dec. 4 death of his wife and death of his former girlfriend 14 years ago, is now being investigated in connection with the death of a Georgia woman who disappeared in 1996 and was found a year later in her vehicle at the bottom of an Alabama Lake. Barton Indicted for Wifes MurderJan. 5, 2005A Gwinnett County grand jury has indicted Georgia dentist Barton Corbin for murder in the shooting death of his wife Jennifer Corbin, who was found dead in her bedroom with a handgun by her side. Investigators Await Gunshot TestsDec. 28, 2004Prosecutors are waiting for crime lab tests in connection with the shooting death of Jennifer Corbin. The Georgia Bureau of Investigation is performing gunshot residue tests on both Jennifer Corbin and her husband, dentist Barton Corbin. Corbin Indicted in Former Girlfriends DeathDec. 22, 2004The husband of a woman who was found shot in her home two weeks ago has now been indicted for the death of his former girlfriend who was found under similar suspicious circumstances 14 years ago.

My Personal Experience With Heavenly Mother - 1170 Words

Heavenly Mother, the New Jerusalem is the female image of God that gives eternal life in the Last Days. For thousands of years people have known we have a Father in Heaven. What many still do not know is that there is a prophecy being fulfilled right now, this very moment. This states that wo not only have a Father in Heaven, but we also have a Heavenly Mother who is being revealed in the Last Days to give us eternal life. I can truly believe in The New Jerusalem because I have personal experience with her, the Bible clearly testifies about her as the spiritual life giver, and anyone can see evidence of this fact even in nature.Through my personal experience with Heavenly Mother, I can say truly she is God almighty,†¦show more content†¦I came for the nest Sabbath day and that day I was baptized. That hole was filled, my heart was full, and it knew that Heavenly Mother had saved my soul.Among the many prophecies in the Bible, one of the most important is that concerning Heavenly Mother who gives life. Jesus came to this Earth about two-thousand years ago and he taught his disciples the way through which they could receive salvation, that is, the Passover (Jn 6:53.) Even at that time hecould have given eternal life and taken them to Heaven, but instead he told them to wait until the Last Days (Jn 6:54.) This is because that is the time Heavenly Mother appears. In Matthew 22:1-10 Jesus told a parable, in which he compared the Kingdom of Heaven to a wedding banquet. Being invited to thewedding banquet is the same as being invited to the Kingdom of Heaven. To have a wedding there must be a groom, a bride, and guests. In the parable there is a groom, and guests, but no bride-even thoughthe bride is the most important piece of a wedding. This is because she was not ready at Jesus’s firstcoming, but at his second coming. That’s why Revelations 19:7 NIV says â€Å"Let us rejoice and be glad an d give him Glory! For the wedding of the Lamb(Christ) has come, and his bride has made herself ready!† The bride is ready in the Last Days. Rev 21:9-10 say that this bride is the New Jerusalem coming down out of Heaven. Just as Jesus is not a physical lamb, this Jerusalem is notShow MoreRelatedMy Experience With The Theistic Worldview814 Words   |  4 PagesI have given plenty of thought to what my particular worldview and values are and it has been a challenging exercise. I do not think in the same manner as I did when I was younger. As a child and even as a young adult my beliefs stemmed from selfish views. My beliefs have changed and evolved over the years and I have not been here long. There are many factors that have accompanied these changes, my life experiences. I suppose several people have launched their views similar to me. This happensRead MoreThe Church Of Jesus Christ Of Latter Day Saints Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pages It was always a long, tedi ous drive back to my house in the heart of downtown from my parent’s cozy, but lonely home just a half hour away, smack dab in the middle of no man’s land. That day it felt much longer. The unusual thing about that particular drive home was that there wasn’t a whole lot of traffic. There weren’t any accidents. No trains to put a sudden halt in my route home. There was nothing that could make my drive that day any more boring than it already was. There was nothing out ofRead MoreThe Cost Of Dying, A Staggering919 Words   |  4 Pagesreal life experiences of the healthcare system in America. Specifically, with the treatment and care of my well insured chronically ill mother and underinsured/uninsured entrepreneurial/small business owner brother and sister and the difference in which their healthcare stories are playing out. 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He had 2 cancers in the body, theRead MoreThe Dream Of The Rood881 Words   |  4 Pagesdemands, absolute faith, and to serve him in all humility, accepting what Isaiah states in chapter 55:8: For my thoughts are not your thoughts, and your ways are not my ways. This is the very word of the Lord. God requires man to serve him with utter obedience, even if this runs counter to normal human expectations. After having been despised and neglected, the Rood ultimately comes to experience glory and honor. Studded with beautiful gems and decked in gold and silver, it is transformed into a trophyRead MoreHow I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan1178 Words   |  5 Pages How I Learned to Read and Write by Frederick Douglass and Mother Tongue by Amy Tan are essays that share a common theme. The theme is opposition and how it is necessary to build strength. 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I am fascinated by language in daily life. I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language-the way it can evoke an emotion, a visual image, a complex idea, or a simple truth. Language is the tool of my trade. And I use them all-all the Englishes I grew up with.† -Amy Tan, Mother Tongue Language is what allows humans to be creative. Creative in the way we express ourselves, creative in the way we put our ideas

Best Method Measuring Blood Pressure

Question: Discuss about the Best Method for Measuring Blood Pressure. Answer: Introduction Blood pressure is the force/ pressure exerted by blood on the arterial walls when it flows through arteries. It maintains the needed flow of blood between heart and body organs. An accurate blood pressure measurement in children is very essential to prevent cardio vascular disorders. According to recent studies, hypertension is found to be increasing in children of many countries (Vidal, 2013). The increasing blood pressure should be controlled to prevent heart attacks and brain stroke. The hypertension that begins in the childhood period may be carried to adult stage and so early detection and prompt treatment of hypertension in children is required. In case of pediatric hypertension, there are several doubts about the accuracy of instruments and reference standards for comparing blood pressure. This is because of the constant change in blood pressure of the pediatrics based on their growth and development (Douglas, 2012). Various blood pressure measurement devices for children are available as non-automated, semi-automated and automated devices. This essay discusses about the auscultation and oscillometric methods of blood pressure measurement and evidences supporting their usage in children. Revising the problem and the question Basically, all the children above three years of age should be monitored for blood pressure every year (Douglas, 2012). There are various methods of blood pressure measurement in children as auscultating method (including mercury sphygmomanometer and aneroid devices), semi automated and automated (oscillometric) method. The auscultation method is the oldest method of measuring blood pressure. In this method, the technique of measuring blood pressure is that the cuffpressurebecomes more than the diastolicpressureand the systolic pressure is decreased. A tapping sound that is associated with the flow of blood called Korotkoff sounds are measured by using stethoscope whereas in oscillometric method, BP is measured by automated devices. These devices are mostly used in small children, critically ill and unstable children, at the time of invasive procedure and if frequent monitoring of a child is needed as intravenous blood pressure medications. In olden days, the auscultating method using mercury sphygmomanometer is considered as the golden standard of measuring blood pressure. But use of mercury sphygmomanometer was banned (Pickering, 2005).Then they were replaced by aneroid devices. Even these devices very also less accurate and often requires frequent calibrations.Later, it was replaced by other auscultating devices as hybrid sphygmomanometers by replacing mercury in devices. These devices have both auscultating and electronic features with pressure gauge but the same measurement technique of mercury device is followed. The main drawback is that, mercury is a human- neurotoxin. If it breaks, it will cause mercury toxicity in children. The health care institutions contribute to the mercury pollution by spills, device breaks and burning of mercury waste (Ogedegbe, 2010). The measurement of blood pressure in children is difficult as the appropriate selection of cuff based on the arm size is needed. Moreover measuring readings in small children, restless and irritable infants and children is difficult. Taking blood pressure by auscultation method takes time for measuring and the child may not cooperate. The stethoscope should be placed too firmly on the ante-cubital fossa of child which may cause auscultation errors and the child may not allow keeping stethoscope often. The korotkoff sounds are very difficult to hear in children as they will be of lower frequency and amplitude. For this pediatric bell could be used. Comparatively use of oscillometric method is perfect for a pediatric (Douglas, 2012). Locate best evidence and critically appraise evidence Eliasdottir (2013) has conducted a comparative study on the use of aneroid and oscillometric blood pressure measurements in children to investigate the difference in blood pressure obtained using oscillometric and aneroid blood pressure monitors in 9 to 10 year old children. He states that there was no apparent difference between the mean systolic blood pressure readings that is obtained by using these two methods but the mean of diastolic pressure was low in case of oscillometric devices. A decreased expression of BP with every consecutive reading was observed in both methods which suggest that multiple blood measurement is needed for both the methods before diagnosing the child to have hypertension. Flynn (2012) has assessed the reliability of blood pressure measurement and its classification by using an oscillometric model in children with chronic renal disease. He concluded that as compared to auscultation method, the oscillometric method apparently overestimates the blood pressure of a child leading to misclassification of blood pressure. This is similar to a study in which Dinamap oscillometric device was assessed by comparing sequential blood pressure readings in 63 patients by using mercury and Dinamap-8100 device in Australia (Heinemann, 2008). It was found that the blood pressure measured with Dinamap was apparently lower than that of mercury sphygmomanometer. The researcher concluded that Dinamap device can be used for systolic blood pressure but not for diastolic measurement. In 2012, Shah has compared the use of mercury and aneroid devices in youth. He found that both mercury and aneroid methods produce equal measure. This was also supported by a study conducted by Ma (2008) which implies that there is no difference in both these devices. In contrast, Markandu (2000) has conducted a study on mercury devices and found that 38% of devices had dirty mercury columns, 21% of markings were not clear due to mercury oxidation, 18% had obscured and faded markings and 3 with leaking mercury, 8% with worn out, splits and damaged cuff, 35% cuffs didnt stick and 7 with wrong size. This study states that mercury devices should be replaced by advanced methods whereas Shah (2004) suggests that mercury devices are more accurate. In auscultation method, there are greater chances of both observer and methodological errors. The observer errors may include the preference of finger digit, lack of attention, rapid and more cuff deflations and hearing deficits. It may cause methodological errors such as not accounting the variations in pulse and not comparing the beats sequence (Jahangir, 2015). On the other hand, oscillometric devices eliminate the observer errors that occur in auscultation method. But there are discrepancies in accuracy of oscillometric devices on children with hypotension, hypertensive and cardiac arrhythmia children leading to inappropriate treatment (Jahangir, 2015). In spite of these inaccuracies; they are sufficiently accurate for the clinical purposes. Moreover, oscillometric devices are completely automated and hence observer participation is needed other than placing the cuff and recording the blood pressure. In this, the cuff is inflated and deflated electronically which avoids cuff pres sure alterations that affect blood pressure. The pressure wave produced by the brachial arterial wall is sensed by a transducer in the device. There are no particular systolic and diastolic pressure points on the pressure wave and so they are calculated electronically using an algorithm (Jahangir, 2015). There are a variety of these devices in market having different algorithms. Oscillometric method requires no transducer to be placed on the brachial artery, and is less affected by external noise. It is useful in home care setting. But the pressure sensor should be calibrated to maintain accuracy. Its measurement requires lesser skill than that of auscultator technique and could be used by an untrained staff and for home monitoring (Ogedegbe, 2010). Alpert, 2014 has conducted a study on using oscillometric blood pressure and suggested that these devices have developed as clinical standard due to simple training need, less cost and mercury ban in many countries. All the evidences suggest that using oscillometric devices for blood pressure is easy and effective. Recommendations To summarize, mercury can cause environmental pollution and neuro-toxic to children and so its usage should be banned. WHO (2005) instructed to remove mercury devices from hospitals. Many countries have replaced mercury devices with other devices. Yet, few studies suggest that mercury sphygmomanometers are needed to get accurate readings. Even if automated devices are available, mercury readings are needed to generalize the results. Based on the review of these devices, the following result is summarized. The aneroid devices should be appropriately calibrated and maintained to be equal or more accurate than that of mercury device. It has to be calibrated every 6 months to maintain accuracy. The validated oscillometric models should have digital displays to promote accuracy and to remove inter observer changes in BP measurement of children (Buchanan, 2009). Even if there is good evidence about oscillometric models, they are not validated to be used in some conditions as arrhythmias in children. All the aneroid and oscillometric devices that are available on the market should be validated with same protocols to maintain uniformity. Oscillometric devices may eliminate the observer errors that are associated withauscultatorymethods. But apparent differences are observed between both measurements. It is both device and user dependent. Moreover they are used by untrained persons and in homes. Previously, mercury device was considered as golden standard. Yet using electronic pressure gauge is more reliable than mercury device in repeated measure of pressure. The use of oscillometric devices seems to be superior to other types. Therefore these devices should be used as substitute for mercury devices for validation purposes. It appears that oscillometric device with most accurate calibrating protocol should be adapted validating organizations. Conclusion To conclude, blood pressure measurement devices should be reliable and suitable for all age groups. Nowadays people measure BP for needed children at home regularly. Mostly mercury should be avoided for children as it may cause toxicity. The results suggest that the measurement of BP in children is difficult, yet to get accurate result oscillometric devices should be used. Reference Alpert, B.S.,Quinn, D. Gallick, D. (2014). Oscillometric blood pressure: a review for clinicians. J Am Soc Hypertens.8(12):930-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2014.08.014 Buchanan, S. (2009). The Accuracy of Alternatives to Mercury Sphygmomanometers. Retrieved from https://noharm.org/sites/default/files/.../Accuracy_Alts_Mercury_Sphyg_rev10-09.pdf Douglas, C. (2012). Potter and Perrys Fundamentals of Nursing- Australian version. (4th ed.). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier. Eliasdottir, S.B. (2013). Comparison of aneroid and oscillometric blood pressure measurements in children: J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich).15(11):776-83. doi: 10.1111/jch.12196 Flynn, J.T.,Pierce, C.B.,Miller, E.R. Charleston, J. (2012). Reliability of resting blood pressure measurement and classification using an oscillometric device in children with chronic kidney disease: J Pediatr.60(3):434-440.doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.08.071. Gilhotra, Y. Willis, F. (2006). Blood pressure measurements on children in the emergency department:Emerg Med Australians.18:148.[PubMed] Heinemann, M. (2008). Automated versus manual blood pressure measurement: A randomized crossover trial: Int J Nurs Pract.14:296-302. Jahangir, E. (2015). Blood Pressure Assessment. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1948157-overview#a7 Ma,Y. (2008). Evaluating the accuracy of an aneroid sphygmomanometer in a clinical trial setting: Am J Hypertension: 1-4. Markandu, N.D. (2000). The mercury sphygmomanometer should be abandoned before it is proscribed: J Hum Hypertens.14:31-36 Ogedegbe, G. (2010). Principles and techniques of blood pressure measurement: Cardiol Clin. 28(4): 571586. doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2010.07.006 Pickering, T.G., Hall, J.E. Appel, L.J. (2005). Recommendations for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals: Part 1: blood pressure measurement in humans:Hypertension.45:142.[PubMed] Shah, N. (2004). Sphygmomanometers. An audit in general practice: Aust Fam Phys.33:952-954. Shah, S. A. (2012). Comparison of Mercury and Aneroid Blood Pressure Measurements in Youth: Pediatrics. 129(5): 12051210. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-3087 Vidal, E. (2013). Blood pressure measurement in children: which method? which is the gold standard: J Nephrol. 26(6):986-92. doi: 10.5301/jn.5000244. World Health Organization. (2005). Department of Protection of the Human Environment Water, Sanitation and Health. Mercury in Health Care.

The First Reconstruction A Revolution Essay Example For Students

The First Reconstruction: A Revolution? Essay Many people will argue that the social and political changes in the period between 1860 and 1877 culminated in a revolution. This time period, known as the First Reconstruction, made many advances in equality for Blacks in voting, politics, and the use of public facilities. The lawmakers of the time were however unable to make adequate progress in advancing economic equality; therefore Blacks didnt completely escape their original plight. This should not be considered a revolution because its results were quickly reversed when former confederate leaders and other bigots reclaimed the power of legislation in the South. The First Reconstruction was a result of the Civil War and lasted until 1977. We will write a custom essay on The First Reconstruction: A Revolution? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The political, social, and economic conditions after the war helped define the goals of lawmakers during the Reconstruction. Congress now had to decide on how they were going to address such topics as; Black equality, rebuilding of the South, admission of southern state to the Union, and deciding who would control the government. In the south the newly freed slaves wandered the countryside and the white population was devastated due to their loss in the recent war. The south was also devastated economically; plantations were destroyed, railroads torn up, their labor force gone, and cities were burned. In the post Civil War era there was a struggle for the power, each with their own ideas on how the country should go about in the reconstruction process. First, the Southern Democrats, a party made up of former Confederate leaders and other members of the aristocracy, strived to end the perceived control of the North over the South. They also sought the reinstitution of slavery under a different name, Black Codes. These codes would provide a cheap labor force to the plantations by limiting the rights of Blacks to move, vote, travel, and change jobs. Second, Moderate Republicans wanted to obtain a policy of reconciliation between the South and the North, but also insure that slavery would not be reinstated. Third, a group of Northern politicians who were strongly opposed to slavery, unsympathetic to the South, wanted protection for the freed slaves, and wanted to keep their majority in Congress formed the Radical Republicans. Andrew Johnson has to be considered the fourth political element of the time due to his unpartisan views and actions. Johnsons only apparent goal was unification of North and South. The Radical Republicans surfaced as the countrys dominant political party and with the majority in Congress they set the goals for reconstruction. Their initial goal for reconstruction was to prevent slavery from again rising in the South. They thought this could be accomplished by passing the Thirteenth Amendment, which outlawed slavery. However after the passage of the amendment, Southern Democrats counteracted with the Black Codes that reinstated slavery in all but name. Both Moderate and Radical Republicans reacted to the Codes with expansion of the Freedmans Bureau to include the protection of Blacks from such codes and laws. Apparently going nowhere in their pursuit of the complete abolition of slavery, the Radical Republicans changed expanded their objectives to include political equality and suffrage. These new goals were established for two reasons, Northerners were siding with the Southern Blacks in increasing numbers but also because the Radical Republicans saw an opportunity to gain the votes needed to all but insure their continued majority and keep the Southern Democrats out of office. Although the extension of suffrage to the Black man worked fairly well it did not give the Black man any real power. The number of offices held by Blacks was far from proportional to the number of Black voters. And those Blacks who did manage to get into a political office usually owed it to an alliance that hindered their effectiveness as an office holder. The Reconstruction leaders overlooked the fact that if the Blacks were unable to gain economic equality they would quickly become mere serfs in the Southern plantation system. More importantly without property it would be extremely difficult to defend the rights granted to them in the Reconstruction Period. .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .postImageUrl , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:hover , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:visited , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:active { border:0!important; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:active , .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98 .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u46b449030bcac2a141b4d525fa06ca98:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Healthy Eating Essay There were several plans proposed to grant economic equality to the Blacks, including one that if implemented, would seize property from rich Southern Landowners and redistribute . The First Reconstruction A Revolution Essay Example For Students The First Reconstruction A Revolution Essay Many people will argue that the social and political changes in the period between 1860 and 1877 culminated in a revolution. This time period, known as the First Reconstruction, made many advances in equality for Blacks in voting, politics, and the use of public facilities. The lawmakers of the time were however unable to make adequate progress in advancing economic equality; therefore Blacks didnt completely escape their original plight. This should not be considered a revolution because its results were quickly reversed when former confederate leaders and other bigots reclaimed the power of legislation in the South. The First Reconstruction was a result of the Civil War and lasted until 1977. We will write a custom essay on The First Reconstruction A Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The political, social, and economic conditions after the war helped define the goals of lawmakers during the Reconstruction. Congress now had to decide on how they were going to address such topics as; Black equality, rebuilding of the South, admission of southern state to the Union, and deciding who would control the government. In the south the newly freed slaves wandered the countryside and the white population was devastated due to their loss in the recent war. The south was also devastated economically; plantations were destroyed, railroads torn up, their labor force gone, and cities were burned. In the post Civil War era there was a struggle for the power, each with their own ideas on how the country should go about in the reconstruction process. First, the Southern Democrats, a party made up of former Confederate leaders and other members of the aristocracy, strived to end the perceived control of the North over the South. They also sought the reinstitution of slavery under a different name, Black Codes. These codes would provide a cheap labor force to the plantations by limiting the rights of Blacks to move, vote, travel, and change jobs. Second, Moderate Republicans wanted to obtain a policy of reconciliation between the South and the North, but also insure that slavery would not be reinstated. Third, a group of Northern politicians who were strongly opposed to slavery, unsympathetic to the South, wanted protection for the freed slaves, and wanted to keep their majority in Congress formed the Radical Republicans. Andrew Johnson has to be considered the fourth political element of the time due to his unpartisan views and actions. Johnsons only apparent goal was unification of North and South. The Radical Republicans surfaced as the countrys dominant political party and with the majority in Congress they set the goals for reconstruction. Their initial goal for reconstruction was to prevent slavery from again rising in the South. They thought this could be accomplished by passing the Thirteenth Amendment, which outlawed slavery. However after the passage of the amendment, Southern Democrats counteracted with the Black Codes that reinstated slavery in all but name. Both Moderate and Radical Republicans reacted to the Codes with expansion of the Freedmans Bureau to include the protection of Blacks from such codes and laws. Apparently going nowhere in their pursuit of the complete abolition of slavery, the Radical Republicans changed expanded their objectives to include political equality and suffrage. These new goals were established for two reasons, Northerners were siding with the Southern Blacks in increasing numbers but also because the Radical Republicans saw an opportunity to gain the votes needed to all but insure their continued majority and keep the Southern Democrats out of office. Although the extension of suffrage to the Black man worked fairly well it did not give the Black man any real power. The number of offices held by Blacks was far from proportional to the number of Black voters. And those Blacks who did manage to get into a political office usually owed it to an alliance that hindered their effectiveness as an office holder. The Reconstruction leaders overlooked the fact that if the Blacks were unable to gain economic equality they would quickly become mere serfs in the Southern plantation system. More importantly without property it would be extremely difficult to defend the rights granted to them in the Reconstruction Period. .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .postImageUrl , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:hover , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:visited , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:active { border:0!important; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:active , .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94 .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u04f6b624d495c447f29691830fc88f94:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Descriptive homelessness Essay There were several plans proposed to grant economic equality to the Blacks, including one that if implemented, would seize property from rich Southern Landowners and redistribute .

Zodiac signs Essays

Zodiac signs Essays Zodiac signs Paper Zodiac signs Paper 1st period Zodiac signs have been around for a period of time now. The orders of the signs are Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius, and Pisces. These signs are divided into four sections, which are Earth, water, and fire. A lot of people still wonder whether or not what they say about the zodiac signs are true or not, such as horoscopes and compatibility charts. The main concern is the affect your zodiac sign have on your personality and compatibility. Water signs are proven to be very emotional people. Water signs consist of Pisces, Scorpio, and Cancer. Relationships dont come easy to these people. Theyre very sensitive with there feelings all around. With that being said, its easy for them to pick up a vibe from others. These people have really strong intuition. The feelings of other people really interest them. Males of this sign are said to be the most sensitive males on the planet. People like this tend to feel sympathy for others, which means anything that has to do with helping someone, or giving someone attention, would be the perfect Job or task for them. However, although the three signs are water signs, they do have their differences. A Pisces are a very changeable person, which means one thing never satisfies them for too long. Attention span for them runs very short. Its hard to get them to stick to something, and stay with it. They thrive off of change. Now, what interest most people if anything else doesnt, is compatibility. The water signs are most compatible with earth signs. These signs would be Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These are the signs that water signs are most likely to get along with, and can benefit from one another. The earth signs are sure to keep you on your feet. Moving along, Earth signs, which in my personal opinion, I think are the most interesting people, in fact are! These are the most intelligent, stable, open-minded, practical, and reasonable people on earth. Unlike Water signs, earth signs dont really like change too much. They like too experience routines for a long period of time. The earth signs as said earlier include, Virgo, Taurus, and Capricorn. These people are really sensual, and base all their thoughts off reality. This somewhat explains why these people tend to be sarcastic. These people like to plan, and make goals for themselves. By conversing with these people they can usually tell you their whole true life. Some of the most successful people in the world, such as Beyond ©, Michael Jackson, and Paul Walker, are Virgo which is an earth sign. Surprisingly, these three earth signs have many differences. A Virgo falls into the sub- category of mutable, which means they can connect with everybody, and they can easily be in charge without creating conflicts. This is because they have many different outlooks, and can easily see things from a different perspective. It is very easy for these people to bring things or people together. If theres ever a problem Virgo are the ones to call. They have such an adaptable and diverse personality. Something out of nothing. The word that is said to describe theses people is preserving. Taurus can come off as basic compared to other signs. Their main concern is achievement. Capricorn on the other hand, are the ones that like to be the center of attention. They love to run things, as long as their doing that then theyre happy. Capricorn are very outgoing people. They are considered far from shy. Of course, earlier it was said that the earth sign is most compatible with the water sign. After all they do say water feels at peace in earth (Bloodspot). You should also know that although someone is the same sign, males and females have different traits. This is common sense. Now, with all of that being said, moving on to air signs. This includes Gemini, Libra, and Aquarius. These people love to talk, (Nuance Belches). This clearly means that communication is one of their best traits. Air signs are very social. Your most likely to catch these people at parties, speaking at conferences, and hosting big public events. These people have some of the most vivid imaginations. This makes them very creative, and has a very artistic sensibility. Therefore, they make great designers. The difference between these signs is that the interesting Gemini ha s two sides. This means that it has the traits of another sign, as well as its own. However, like a Virgo, this sign also falls under the sub-category of being mutable. In this case they can also almost get along with any other sign. A Libra is also known to play the leader role. Labias are also well known for not wanting to be alone. One of their main focuses is actually how well they interact with others. Unlike Libra being so into people, Aquarius people focus way more on the world, and really like to express new des by their daily activities. These air signs are compatible with last but not least fire signs. According to the astrology world air feeds fire, (Bloodspot). The fire signs are Leo, Aries, and Sagittarius. These signs are well known for being independent. Because theyre so focused on them, these people usually become very successful and on top. Due to their abundant focus on independence, they usually have a hard time with the closes people to them, because they lack showing them attention. These people are also very arrogant, so if you ever want to be felt sorry for, or held in arms, stay away from fire sign.

Critically analyse the courts' approach to the interpretation of the Essay

Critically analyse the courts' approach to the interpretation of the duty of disclosure contained in s.18 of the Marine Insurance Act 1906 - Essay Example One of the notable ways in which marine insurance differs from other kinds of contracts is in the difference between the way conditions and warranties are treated. While under contract law, the breaching of a contractual condition can lead to a repudiation of contract but a breach of warranty does not allow such repudiation because a warranty is not fundamental to a contract. With a marine insurance contract however, the conditions are reversed and certain implied warranties, such as ensuring that the ship being insured is sea worthy2, will become as capable of enforcement as a contractual condition, with the provision for voiding of the contract in the event of a breach. Where marine insurance is concerned, the contractual principle underlying such contracts is not that of Caveat Emptor (Buyer Beware) as in the usual contracts, rather these contracts are based upon the uberrimae fides which is the requirement of good faith from both sides, as a result of which all information pertaining to potential risks must be disclosed fully and a failure to do so would be construed as concealment of relevant information, which is a valid ground for an insurer to void an insurance contract. The duties of disclosure are embodied in sections 18 and 19 of the Marine Insurance Act of 1906. Section 18 is primarily concerned with the duty of disclosure that is due from the insured while section 19 concerns the duty of disclosure that fall upon an agent who in involved in the process of getting a party insured. Section 20 underlies the â€Å"expectation or belief† of honesty that is implicit in the duty of disclosure placed upon an insured, so that representations are to be made in good faith.3 Since the question of marine insurance generally arises among parties that are in the shipping business, there is an underlying assumption behind the duty of disclosure wherein the

Manufacturing, Raw Materials, and Geography Essay

Manufacturing, Raw Materials, and Geography - Essay Example The large geographical area also made it difficult for the colonists to stamp their influence since it required expertise and numerous resources. The proximity to numerous countries was a concept influenced manufacturing because of the large market base and investment opportunities in those nations (Lu, 2013). The country possesses natural resources such as Zinc and Coal among others that boosted its industrial productivity. The natural possessions affected decolonization and imperialism because it was not dependent on other countries. As a result, the colonists could not force their interests, in returns for the support extended, to the China (Lu, 2013). This is because China had the power to produce its own commodities and transport them to other regions, including the Western nations. In this regard, decolonization and imperialism were enhanced as the Western powers did not want to interfere with the supply of commodities from China for their industrial developments (Lu, 2013). This implies that China used its natural resources to support industries across the world with cheap raw materials and finished products. This influenced manufacturing in the region through the availability of raw materials to the local

Black people in the USA in 1945 Essay Example for Free

Black people in the USA in 1945 Essay Blacks in the USA in 1945 were not considered as equal; the treatment of people was based on their skin colour, a practice that had been going on for many years before, even after the Reconstruction of society after the Civil War in which the blacks were liberated from slavery. In theory, blacks were free to work and live where they wanted, but the figures at the time told a different story: by 1960, around 17% of the workforce of white-collar workers, i.e. professional, technical, administration, etc., were blacks, while the whites remained the majority at 47%. The blue-collar work, such as craftsmen, manual labourers, etc. jobs that are renowned for needing less skill and education had 40% of the workforce as blacks, and 36% were whites. Blacks just werent provided the education and qualifications to do the professional types of work due to separation of black and white facilities. Not only were they held back at getting the higher-class jobs, they were paid less for the same wor k that whites did; in 1950, blacks earned about 53% of a whites wage. This figure remained the same over the next 20 years, with it rising 11% to blacks earning 64% of a whites wage. All over the USA, blacks were discriminated against in almost all areas of life, whether it is the law of the state, or just by the custom of the local society. After the abolishment of slavery, slaves had the choice of moving away from their former homes and having their own lives; unfortunately, many blacks didnt have any money to move halfway across the USA to the northern states that had fought to free them. Those who did have the finance to travel rarely had enough money afterwards to sustain a good quality of life after they had moved. The custom of de facto came into play in some of the Northern states; ghettos and places where the majority of the population were black sprung up in towns and cities. Segregation by custom in the North was contrasted with segregation by law, or de jure, in the South- Jim Crow laws forbade blacks, for example, to enter white facilities, or sit on buses with whites, etc. Places where de facto was in force came up with other ways to separate blacks from whites to keep the Southern order of things; red lining was when banks were not allowed to give money for mortgages if they suspected it would be a risky investment- if a black family moved into a certain area, it would lower the prices of the surrounding houses. This  meant that places such as ghettos were built up, when the majority of the population were black. This type of segregation wasnt by law, but by custom, blacks werent forced to live in black areas, but they felt pressured to live in certain places because of the practises such as red lining in effect. Although it is in the Constitution that everyone is equal and has the same civil rights, it is beliefs like red lining that push a wedge between races; it may not seem constitutional, but it is up to the Supreme Court in the USA to decide what is constitutional. They decided that slavery was lawful mainly due the fact that the Southern states economy was based on slavery; they were needed to produce cotton, the main export in the 19th century. Without them, the economy would have fallen apart. After the 13th amendment to the Constitution, slavery was no longer legal, but the Supreme Court still remained to overlook state laws that continued discrimination and practices that could be seen as worse then slavery- for example, the Ku Klux Klan were allowed to terrorise and lynch blacks, yet lynching was not made illegal. The Supreme Court declared that the 14th amendment forbids states, but not citizens, from discriminating (1) Separate facilities for blacks and whites were considered as the solution to the discrimination problem; the Supreme Court believed that the blacks were separate but equal when they were forced to use different buildings, transport, schools and hospitals then the whites. Since the Supreme Court approved laws and could declare them unconstitutional if they wanted to, they were the ones who the blacks has to convince if they wanted to change anything; in legal cases, the trial had to be taken to the Supreme Court to have any impact, since the State Courts were always going to be in favour of the Jim Crow laws. The Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) case was when Homer Plessy refused to sit in the coloured car of a train and sat in the white section instead. The case went to Supreme Court, and they ruled that Plessy was guilty and sentenced him to pay a fine or go to jail. This was considered the most shameful ruling of the Supreme Court in history; it shows the extent of the discrimination against blacks, even after slavery was abolished- even though Plessy was 1/8 black and 7/8 white, he was still considered as black in the eyes of the Louisiana law. Although many people thought that this ruling was  shocking, there wasnt much that could be done, since they did not have a definite leader to show them what the do; everything that the movement did was relatively unorganised, with maybe one person leading the others. People such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Booker T. Washington tried to unite blacks under one leadership, but it did not work, because everyone has different opinion on what should be done about the discrimination problem. Dr Martin King Jr. was a black leader that advocated peaceful resistance; because of this, many whites accepted him because they knew that he would not cause violence, but blacks did not like this as peaceful protest could only take them so far- they felt that King was weaker then some of the other extremist black leaders, such as Malcolm X. Kings approach to fighting against their oppression wasnt enough to keep the blacks following him; they preferred people who were willing to do more for the benefit of all blacks. Another leader who was thought as weak by fellow blacks was Booker T. Washington; he was accused of being an accommodationist to the whites, as he wasnt campaigning for equal civil rights, he was concentrating on equal job opportunities- this wasnt what the blacks were fighting for; they wanted to be free to do what the whites could do, not only in jobs but in other aspects of life too. The leaders of the movement were not united, therefore they were not strong- many leaders were critical of others, for example, W.E.B DuBois criticised Washington, saying that blacks cannot get social equality if they do not get political equality first. The New Deal is a phrase used to explain the actions taken after Black Tuesday when the US Stock market crashed to stop the effects of the Depression disturbing the lives of the public. Laws were passed to help stop the consequences of the Depression becoming a long-term problem; within the first hundred days, President Roosevelt passed a law that lowered workers salaries and pensions by up to 15%- a move that people did not like, yet it saved a lot of money for the government. Another act was passed that stated that the government could inspect banks before letting them open again so they could see if the bank was eligible to lend and hold money. This prevented banks lending out money that they did not have, therefore they did not losing money for their customers and wouldnt have to close, as they  would have to have done if they did lend out money they didnt have. The New Deal was produced so the government could help all of those that were affected by the Depression; this helped the blacks because they were some of the poorest people in the USA at the time, and as many as 8% of blacks were unemployed in 1955. For the blacks, the New Deal slightly improved their way of living as it was designed to help everyone without discrimination. Soon after New Deal was set up, the situation for blacks was improved socially by the outbreak of the Second World War. When the Americans were brought into the war, they needed as many men as they could to fight; blacks had regiments where they could join and be equal to whites, but they still were not allowed to belong to the same regiment as the whites- there were some who did, but they were rare, they normally belonged to an all-black regiment. At the end of the war, the blacks got more ambitious; they were allowed to fight for their country, but America wasnt even grateful enough of them to let them be equal. This would have enraged African Americans since they had fought so hard to be a part of America, so the Civil Rights movement activity increased, which put pressure on the government to do something. The Nazi ideology also pushed the government into action, because what the Americans were doing to the blacks could be compared to the Germans discriminating against the Jews in Germany; the blacks realised this, so demanded equality, as they didnt want the same to happen to them. In conclusion, the position of blacks in 1945 was not equal to whites: even after a century of supposed freedom from slavery, blacks were still treated as inferiors to whites. Laws and acts were in effect that encouraged the discrimination of blacks. Amendments such as the rights for blacks to vote and the rights for them to be equal were passed, but there were so many other laws that cancelled them out. Jim Crow laws in the South and practises such as red lining in the North made it impossible for blacks to be seen as equal politically, whilst rebellions by extremist whites and groups such as the Ku Klux Klan stopped blacks gaining any social standing or equality. Blacks were supposed to be equal, but by 1945, some may comment that the position of them was worse then slavery, as the blacks were on their own in  there poverty and discrimination; before, they had their slave owners who would clothe and feed them to keep productive workers- they would never be out on the streets as slaves, but as free people, they received basically no help. Things that whites took for granted, such as clean and good-quality facilities, and jobs that are fair and just are things that blacks counted themselves lucky if they managed to get any equality. People like Martin Luther King Jr. and W.E.B. DuBois tried to get equality, both through violence and peaceful means, but it didnt have much effect to the political and social standing of blacks. The discrimination of blacks continued right into the 20th century, even up into the 21st century. It was slow going for the blacks right to equality, but actions by both blacks and whites changed things for the better. H owever, in 1945, blacks were not considered as equal, but as 3/5s of a human being. Bibliography: (1) http://www.alternativeinsight.com/Reparations-Slavery.html Field, Ron; Civil Rights in America 1865-1980; Cambridge University Press http://www.lawbuzz.com/can_you/plessy/plessy.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Deal

Fanon and de Beauvoir: Opposing Discrimination Essay example -- Psycho

Fanon and de Beauvoir: Opposing Discrimination All modern (i.e. post-paleolithic) religions contain the "Gnostic trace" of distrust or even outright hostility to the body and the "created" world. Contemporary "primitive" tribes and even peasant-pagans have a concept of immortality and of going-outside-the-body (ec-stasy) without necessarily exhibiting any excessive body-hatred. The Gnostic Trace accumulates very gradually (like mercury poisoning) till eventually it turns pathological. Gnostic dualism exemplifies the extreme position of this disgust by shifting all value from body to "spirit". This idea characterizes what we call "civilization". -Hakim Bey, â€Å"Information War†, c-theory a022 Struggles against ‘injustice’ in the 20th century tend to take a drearily similar form. First the advocate recognizes that not all people are equal, next demands that some irrelevant differences are ignored, and finally tries to make all people people again. This method has become so popular it has been applied â€Å"all the way down† the ladder of inferiority, to declare politically-irrelevant unequal treatment on ‘every possible’ basis. The effort is, in a sense, a drive to move from the â€Å"created† world outside the ‘body’ to a cheery world of equality in the mind. This hostility to the body and exoneration of a universal subject, unfortunately, is also precisely the basic cause of the discrimination one must condemn in step one of struggles for equality. The subject is a problem for many reasons, but the explicit proclamation of the inferiority of some to others relies purely on an ability to say what a person is or sho uld be, and what not. If some are treated as less than human, it may well be because of the category of human itself.... ...attempt to initiate some oppressed groups into the class of oppressors. What may well be needed instead of trading places in the system of constructed identities centered around one ideal subject is a rethinking of the subject itself, a problematization of the role of self that Fanon and de Beauvoir are so anxious to expand just enough to allow in their chosen group. The analogy to Moses is apt, the Gnostic impulse here can be seen in both thinkers as they rescue their people from the servitude in one land, take them through a long initiation process to the promised land, which is disappointing, and then allow them free reign as stable subjects to wage war against their own enemies and dominate the Canaanites as they had been dominated. There is a perverse specter of the golden rule being obeyed: discriminate against others as you were once discriminated against.

John Forbes Nash Jr.

John Forbes Nash Jr. is a math prodigy and one of the recipients of the prestigious Carnegie Prize for Mathematics at Princeton University.   While taking his graduate studies, he met his roommate Charles Herman, a literature student who became his best friend.   His eccentric behavior made it difficult for other people to understand and relate to him.   Nash’s obsession in searching for an original idea for his thesis and a place in the student social hierarchy led him to skip classes which nearly cost his failure.Fortunately, he was saved by his original research study where he was able to formulate a theory in mathematical economics known as the concept of governing dynamics.   After his graduate studies, he worked at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and selected his friends Sol and Bender to work with him.While teaching a class on Calculus, he met Alicia, a student who later became his wife.   While at Princeton, Nash behaved erratically and became paranoid.   This compelled Alicia to call a psychiatrist who forcibly took him to a psychiatric facility.   While confined in the facility, Alicia showed Nash the unopened classified documents that he delivered in a drop box.   This convinced Nash that he has been hallucinating and his classified work to decode Soviet messages was a delusion.William Parcher, a mysterious Department of Defense agent, Charles and Charles’ niece, Marcee were products of his mind.   Nash was diagnosed to have paranoid schizophrenia and was treated with a series of insulin shock therapy for ten weeks.   He was given daily antipsychotic medications that affected his intellect and his relationship with Alicia.   Nash became frustrated and secretly discontinued his medications. This triggered a relapse but he came to realize his psychosis when he saw that Marcee remained at the same age for many years.Nash learned to live with his schizophrenia and ignored his hallucinations.   With th e permission of Martin Hansen, his old friend and intellectual rival who became the head of mathematics department in Princeton, Nash was given a space in the library to talk to students and audit classes.   Eventually, he was able to teach again and was honored in a pen ceremony by his colleagues for his achievement and contribution in the field of Mathematics.   He was also awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics in Stockholm for his work on game theory.1. Why did you pick this film?I chose the film â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† not on the basis of knowing anyone who has a similar problem or on my capacity to relate to the psychological issues on a personal experience.   I chose this movie because there are some scenes in the film which I find very intriguing and influential.   First, there was no family involvement and presence in his wedding, academic achievements and illness of John Nash.   Second, persons with mental disorder endure a stigma during the early y ears but John Nash’s struggle to be reintegrated in Princeton and in his community was remarkable.   Third, his superior achievement despite his mental illness is inspiring.   Lastly, the movie was powerful enough to awaken the consciousness of people towards understanding the plight of people living schizophrenia.2. What psychological issues are portrayed in this film?The story showed the eccentric behavior of John Nash.   He was unconcern by society’s disapproval of his awkward habits and behavior.   His manner of walking and his constant habit of touching his forehead became the focus of attention by some students in Princeton.Nash was obsessed with his research work and his standing in the student social hierarchy.   He brings his books and paper work while he was at a local bar with his friends.   Although he has few friends at Princeton, he has a strong preference to be alone and often preoccupied with his own thoughts which is a personality trait of an introvert.   Nash also exhibited a type A personality pattern by being achievement oriented, over involved with work, having a sense of time urgency, being impatient and angry when confronted with delays or with people whom they view as incompetent.In the movie, Nash manifested visual and auditory hallucinations and paranoia which frightened his wife and affected his function at work.   He thinks that he is working for the US National Defense Department and there are Russian spies following him.   He interacts with people who only exist in his mind such as his roommate and best friend Charles Herman, US Department of Defense agent William Parcher and Charles young niece Marcee.3. What diagnosis (if any) does the main character portray?Dr. Rosen diagnosed John Nash to be afflicted with paranoid schizophrenia due to his visual and auditory hallucinations, delusion and paranoia.   The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV-TR defined schizophrenia as a diso rder that last for at least 6 months and includes at least 1 month of active-phase symptoms, i.e. two or more of the following: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms (American Psychological Association, 2000).Only one symptom in Criterion A is required if delusions are bizarre or hallucinations consist of two or more voices conversing with one another or voices maintaining a running commentary on the person’s behavior or thoughts (ibid.).   The continuous signs of his disturbance persisted since he took his Masters degree and it continued until he worked at MIT.4. What psychological theory best explains the behavior of the major characters in the film?Incentives are environmental factors such as external stimuli or rewards which motivate our behavior (Skinner, 1953).   The theory of motivation, specifically the incentive theory best describe the behavior of John Nash (Westmont College, 2008).   Nash was highly motivated by the incentive of occupying a place in the student social hierarchy in Princeton University.   He was intellectually competitive and the academic incentive pulled him to write an original research paper that would defeat his rival Martin Hansen.   His achievements and recognition also led to the satisfaction of his need for self esteem.   His career growth and advancement is a realization of his need for self actualization.   These needs partly comprise Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (Maslow, 1954)Alicia Nash has an extrovert personality trait.   In the movie, she was able to talk to the construction workers to work in another area so they could have good ventilation and a noise-free classroom environment.   This indicates that she interacts well with people and she has the tendency to direct her personality outward the self.Her determination to uncover the truth and help her husband John prove that he is working for the National Defense D epartment shows that she is a woman of action, whose motives are conditioned by external events.   Accepting John’s situation and guiding him towards reintegration manifest that she accommodates readily to new situations.   Alicia’s extrovert personality trait is part of the personality type theory developed by Carl Jung (Jung, 1933).5. Based on what you have learned from the movie would you say the film portrays the psychological issue accurately or not? Why?The movie did not portray the psychological issues accurately.   Although John Nash manifested two of the characteristic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations as indicated in Criterion A of DSM IV-TR, his hallucinations were not limited to auditory.   He has both the visual and auditory hallucinations which are uncommon for schizophrenia.The film showed that the onset of his mental disorder started during his graduate studies, a period wherein Nash had a high level of academic and occupational achi evement.   He may not be sociable but his interpersonal skill is acceptable; otherwise, he would have difficulties in developing friendships with some students at Princeton and would not have a relationship with Alicia.   Therefore, he has not also met the symptoms for schizophrenia such as social and occupational dysfunction as indicated in Criterion B.Two thoughts came to mind when John Nash said that he is taking a new medication.   First, does this mean that he was on continuous medication since his relapse or has he discontinued taking his medication for many years and decided to try the newly discovered pill?   Second, Nash daily antipsychotic medication affected his intellectual ability and his relationship with Alicia.   He was not also able to engage in any occupation.   One can only come up with a conjecture that since Nash was able to teach at Princeton University means that he discontinued his medication and learned to live with his hallucinations.ReferencesA merican Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental   Ã‚  Ã‚   disorders DSM-IV-TR (Text Revision).   American Psychiatric Association:     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Washington, DC.Jung, C. G. (1933).   Psychological types. New York: Harcourt Brace and World.Maslow, A.H. (1954). Motivation and personality. New York:Harper and Row.Skinner, B.F. (1953). Science and human behavior. New York: Macmillan.Westmont College (2008).   Motivation.   Retrieved February 1, 2008 from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.westmont.edu/_academics/pages/departments/psychology/pages/smith/ge  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   neral/lectureoutlines/11motivation/theoriesmotivation.html#

Essay about The Puritans - Creating the Perfect God...

The Puritans - Creating the Perfect God Fearing Society The Puritans dream was to create a model society for the rest of Christendom. Their goal was to make a society in every way connected to god. Every aspect of their lives, from political status and employment to even recreation and dress, was taken into account in order to live a more pious life. But to really understand what the aspirations of the puritans were, we must first understand their beliefs. â€Å"Their goal was absolute purity; to live with out sin in a sinful world was to them the supreme challenge in life. They were derisively called Puritans because they sought to purify the Church of England of the popish and antichristian stuff with which they believed the†¦show more content†¦Second they believed in working hard, and if one acquired wealth by working hard, saving, and staying sober, than that was evidence of God favoring that person. â€Å"Eating well, drinking well, sexual indulgence within the bounds of matrimony, and enjoying the comforts of life were not proscribed by the Puritans. In actuality, the Puritans were waging war upon certain human propensities that they regarded as evils: covetousness, materialism, the love of ostentation, and concern with the externals of religion rather than with the things of the spirit.† When a puritan felt that he had failed to meet the requirements set for him by God, he â€Å"flagellated himself remorselessly with introspective cross-examinations that usually took the form of thoughts of eternal reprobation and torment.† The puritan was in constant internal conflict, whether it was restraining his human desires, or if he failed in that, than scolding himself for faltering in his efforts. The Puritans believed that they were God’s select few that could carry out his original orders the way he had intended. Now that we have made clear the beliefs that the Puritans held so dear, we can better observe their aspirations when they arrived in Massachusetts. They came to the New World to erect a â€Å"City Upon a Hill† that would serve as a model for the rest of the Christian world. â€Å"Thus, in the eyes of the Puritan leaders, the settlement of New England appeared to be the most significant act in human historyShow MoreRelatedEssay about puritanism1242 Words   |  5 Pages The Puritans dream was to create a model society for the rest of the Christians.. Their goal was to make a society in every way connected to god. Every aspect of their lives, from political views and employment to recreation and dress, was taken into account in order to live a more pious life. But to really understand what the aspirations of the puritans were, we must first understand their beliefs. 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